information about Hampi temple

Hampi was the capital of the medieval Hindu kingdom of the Vijayanagara Empire. This city situated on the banks of Tungabhadra river is now known as 'Hampi'. This ancient magnificent city is now left only in ruins in the form of ruins. Looking at the ruins here, it seems easy that once upon a time, a prosperous civilization used to reside in Hampi.

Located in the Indian state of Karnataka, this city is also included in the list of 'World Heritage Sites' by UNESCO. Thousands of tourists and pilgrims come here every year. The vast expanse of Hampi is wide in mounds of rounded rocks. There are more than five hundred memorial signs among the valleys and dunes. These include temples, palaces, cellars, water-ruins, old markets, royal pavilions, citadels, platforms, treasury…. There are many buildings etc.

Hampi is an ancient city and it is also mentioned in the Ramayana and according to historians it was called as Kishkindha, in fact the city flourished as the capital of the Vijayanagara kings from the 13th to the 16th century. Hampi is a paradise for both tourist and pilgrim. Every turn of Hampi is amazing. Every monument hides more than it reveals, and Hampi is an open museum. There is a huge line of tourists here. According to the statistical data of 2014, Hampi is the most famous place in Karnataka searched on Google.

The history of Hampi begins from the first century. At that time there was a workplace of Buddhists around it. According to the Minor Rock Edicts of Emperor Ashoka, Nuttur and Udegolan, this kingdom was part of Ashoka's empire during the 3rd century. Later Hampi became the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.

Vijayanagara was one of the largest empires of Hindus. Two brothers named Harihara and Bukka established this kingdom in 1336 AD. Krishnadeva Raya ruled here from 1509 to 1529 in Hampi and expanded his empire. Most of the remaining monuments in Hampi were built by Krishnadeva Raya. Here the fortification of four lines used to protect the city. The huge army of this empire used to protect it from other states. The states of Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh used to come under the Vijayanagara Empire.

At that time about 5,00,000 residents started living in Vijayanagara. After the death of Krishnadevaraya, this vast empire was destroyed by the Muslim armies of Bidar, Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmednagar and Berar in 1565. Hampi, located in the state of Karnataka, was known as Pampa and Kishkindha in the Ramayana period. Hampi got its name because of the temple of Hampadevi. The Hampadevi temple was built between the 11th and 13th centuries. Longhurst has given a detailed description of the ancient buildings of Vijayanagar in his book 'Hampi Ruins'.

The city of Vijayanagara is also known as Vidyanagara in honor of sage Vidyaranya. The monuments at this place were built from the time of Harihara to Sadasiva Raya between AD 1336-1570. This period saw a resurgence of Hinduism, art, architecture etc. on an unprecedented scale.

There is also a mythological association associated with Hampi. According to local people and folklore, this area was called the mythical Kishkinda monkey kingdom in the Ramayana and is the place where Rama and Lakshmana took refuge before going to Lanka to search for Sita. There are stories of Sugriva, Bali, Hanuman and Rama stopping in today's mountains and many places.

Apart from the beautiful architecture of its ruins, Hampi is also famous for its religious history. There are many famous temples here. The Tungabhadra River, one of the major rivers of Karnataka, flows through the city, providing a stunning natural setting near these ruins. Natural stone from the surrounding mountains is the source of these massive boulders that were used by the Vijayanagara kings for the impressive stone-carved pillars of the temples of Hampi.

Apart from temples and scenic views, there are also many beautifully designed water tanks and other public buildings, which reflect the town planning skills of the Vijayanagara kings. The aqueducts and canals here show a glimpse of the water management system from the 13th to the 15th century.

Hampi is a city of temples which derives its name from Pampa. Pampa is the old name of Tungabhadra river. Hampi is situated on the banks of this river. Even in the mythological text Ramayana, Hampi has been mentioned as the capital of the monkey kingdom Kishkindha. This is probably the reason why there are so many monkeys here. Even today the deity is worshiped in some of the temples of Hampi. Let us know about some temples…

Vittala swamy temple –

The temple of Vitthalaswamy is the tallest in Hampi. This signifies the climax of Vijayanagara's opulence and art. The carving of the Kalyan Mandap of the temple is so subtle and intense that it is made on sight. The inner part of the temple is 55 feet long. And a high altar is built in the middle of it. The chariot of Lord Vitthal is cut out of only one stone. The lower part of the temple has carvings everywhere.

Virupaksha Temple –

The Virupaksha Temple, also known as the Pampapati Temple, is situated at the foot of the Hemakuta Hills. This is one of the main attractions of Hampi. The Gopuda was built by Krishnadeva Raya at the time of his consecration in 1509. This temple is dedicated to Lord Vithala or Lord Vishnu. There are many small temples inside this huge temple which are even older than the Virupaksha temple. On the east side of the temple is a huge stone Nandi while on the south side there is a huge idol of Lord Ganesha. Here there is a 6.7 meter high idol of Narasimha wearing the body of half lion and half man.

Chariot (Hampi ratha) –

The main attraction of the Vithala temple is its pillared walls and stone chariot. They are known as musical pillars, because they emit music when gently tapped. The chariot made of stone is a wonderful piece of architecture. A temple has been built in it by carving stone, which is in the shape of a chariot. It is said that its wheels used to rotate, but to protect them, cement coating has been applied.

Badav Ling –

This is a photograph of the largest linga in Hampi. Which is located next to the Lakshmi Narasimha idol. The Badav Linga is surrounded by water from all sides as a canal passes through this temple itself. It is believed that a poor resident of Hampi had taken a vow that if he was lucky, he would get a Shivling built. Badav means poor.

Lakshmi Narasimha Temple –

The Hampi Lakshmi Narasimha Temple or Ugra Narasimha Temple is made of massive rocks, it is the tallest statue in Hampi. It is about 6.7 meters high. Narasimha is seated on Adisesha. Actually, on one knee of the idol, there is a small picture of Lakshmi ji, which got tarnished during the invasion of Vijayanagara Empire.

Hazara Rama Temple –

It is a ruined temple which has been given great importance in Hindu theology. This temple is known for the excavation and inscriptions of more than 1000 woodcuts and the ancient story of Ramayana.

Queen's bathroom

The Queen's Bath located in Hampi is closed from all sides. This bath of 15 square meters has gallery, verandah and Rajasthani balcony. Once upon a time, the fragrant soft water in this bathhouse comes from a small lake, which was connected to the bathhouse through an underground drain. This bath is surrounded on all sides and open from above.

Kamal Mahal (Lotus Temple) –

Kamal Mahal is adjacent to Hazara Ram Mandir. This palace is a mixed form of Indo-Islamic style. It is said that the ladies of the royal families living around the palace of the queen used to come here for fun. The arches of the palace are very attractive.

Raghunathaswamy Temple –

The Malyavantha Raghunathaswamy Temple is built in the ancient Indian style of architecture. Malyavantha Raghunathaswamy Temple is built 3 kilometers below the ground. Its interior walls have been decorated with strange designs and fish and sea creature artworks have also been made.

House of Victory

The House of Victory place was the seat of the Vijayanagara rulers. It was built in honor of Krishnadevaraya who defeated the kings of Odisha in a battle. He used to sit on the huge throne of the House of Victory and watch the nine-day Dasara festival from here.

elephant house

Hampi's elephant house is adjacent to the Jinan area. This is a domed building which was used for state elephants. Eleven elephants could live together in each of its chambers. This is a fine example of Hindu-Muslim construction art.

Apart from this, more attractive monuments of Hampi –

Sacred Centre, Courtesans' Street, Temple of Achyuta Raya, Sasivekalu Ganesha, Royal Centre, Mahanavami Dibba, Granaries, Harihara Palace Veera, Riverside Ruins, Karaile Crossing, Jajjal Mandap, Purandaradas Mandap, Talarigatta Gate Ahmed Khan Mosque and Tomb, Kamalpur, Archeology Museum, Bhima's Gateway, Ganigitti Temple, Domed Gateway, Anegondi, Viruppur Gadde, Bukka's Aqueduct, Hakpa Mandap, Pampa Sarovar, Matunga Hill.

Interesting Facts About Hampi

1). It is said that every stone in Hampi has a story to tell. Here two stones are connected in a triangle shape. Both are similar in appearance, hence they are called sister stones. There is a story behind this as well. Two jealous sisters came to visit Hampi, they started talking bad about Hampi. When the goddess of the city heard this, she turned those two sisters into stone.

2). The famous musical pillars are built in the temple. The British always wanted to know the reason behind this miracle and that is why they broke two pillars to see if there was anything inside. But they could not find anything in the pillar that could make a sound. Today we see those two pillars broken by the British.

3). The road adjacent to the temple was once a market for selling horses. Even today we see the market in the form of ruins. In the temple also we see photographs of some people selling horses.

4). It is believed that at one time Hampi was a city more prosperous than Rome. The ruins of the famous medieval Vijayanagara kingdom are present in present-day Hampi. The ruins of the capital of this empire declare to the world that in its glory days indigenous artists had developed a distinct style of architecture, painting and sculpture. Hampi is a city surrounded by stones. There is a beautiful series of temples here, hence it is also called the city of temples.

5). Hampi is actually this village, which is very backward in the pace of development. The residents here have absolutely no idea how this place used to be centuries ago. To reach the Nava Vrindavan temple, one has to cross the river by means of a boat, which is called Tappa in Kannada. People here believe that the stones of the Nava Vrindavan temple have life, so people are not allowed to touch them.

6). The Islamic quarter established here is sometimes called the Moorish quarter, which is built between the northern Malyavanta mountain and the Talarigatta gate.

7). According to archaeologists, high-ranking Muslim officials and the main persons of the court and military officers lived in this place.

information of RAJASTHAN state

What comes to our mind when we talk about Rajasthan? Beautiful palaces, majestic camel rides and fascinating heritage. The ancient architecture definitely makes Rajasthan royal. So let's know about this prosperous Rajasthan today.

                                                             History of  Rajasthan 

State Name : Rajasthan

Capital of Rajasthan : Jaipur

Statehood : 30 March 1949

Major languages of the state :  Rajasthani

                                                  Hindi 

                                                  English

                                                  Sindhi 

                                                  Marwari 

                                                 Sanskrit language 

                                                 Urdu 

                                                 Punjabi 

                                                 Gujarati 

In terms of area, the state's place in the country (Areawise State Rank in India)  : first place (1st)

In terms of population, the state's place in the country : seventh (7th)

The total population of the state (Population of Rajasthan) : 6,85,48,437 (according to the 2011 census)

Literacy Rate of State :  69.70 percent (%)

State Animal of Rajasthan  :  Camel and Chinkara deer

Major bird (State Bird of Rajasthan) : Great Indian Bustard / Godwan

The main tree of the state :  Khejri / Gaaf tree

Main flower (State Flower of Rajasthan) : Rohida flower

State game of Rajasthan : Basketball

The main fruits of the state (State Fruit of Rajasthan) :  date, blackberry

Folk Dance of Rajasthan :  Ghoomar

Total number of districts under the state (Jile of Rajasthan) : 33 (Thirty Three)

Total number of tehsil : 244 (as per 2011 census)

Total number of rural departments under the state (Villages in State) :  44,795

 The largest district of the state : jaisalmer 

The total number of Nagar Parishads present in Rajasthan : 34 (Thirty Four)

The total number of Gram Panchayats present in Rajasthan (Total Panchayat in Rajasthan) :9177

State Code of Rajasthan : 8 (Eight) 

Rajasthan is a state situated in the north-west of India. The major tourist attractions in the state are the vast Thar Desert and the world's oldest monument range, the Aravalli. The Rajputana heritage seen in the temples, forts and palaces here was established by Rajput kings like Bappa Rawal, Rana Kumbha, Rana Sanga and Rana Pratap. The history of this state is 5000 years old.

The history of Rajasthan can be divided into three parts – ancient, medieval and modern. Ancient period, till 1200 AD: Rajput dynasty originated and from 700 AD onwards they started living in various parts of Rajasthan. Earlier, Rajasthan had been a part of many republics. It had also been a part of the Maurya Empire.

The main republics that occupied this region included Malwa, Arjunya, Yodhya, Kushan, Saka Satrapa, Gupta and Hans. The dominance of the Rajputs in Indian history was seen during the eighth and twelfth centuries AD. The Pratiharas ruled most of Rajasthan and northern India from 750 to 1000 AD.

Between 1000 and 1200 AD, Rajasthan had to struggle between the Chalukyas, the Paramaras and the Chauhans.

Medieval Period, 1201–170 :In 1200 AD, some part of Rajasthan came under the control of Muslim rulers. The central places of his power included Nagaur and Ajmer. Ran Thambore was also under the suzerainty. In the early 13th century AD, the most important and powerful state of Rajasthan was Mewar.

Modern Times, 1707–1947:Before the occupation of the Mughal emperor, Rajasthan was never politically bound in the thread of unity. Mughal Emperor Akbar built a unified Siddha in Rajasthan. After 1707, Mughal powers started decreasing and their influence also started decreasing.

With the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Maratha Empire set its sights on Rajasthan. In 1755 he captured Ajmer. This was followed by an attack by the Pindaris in the early 19th century.

Rajasthan language :Rajasthani is the most spoken and official language of the state. Also people use Hindi, Urdu, Sindhi, Punjabi, Sanskrit and Gujarati languages.

List of Districts of Rajasthan State – 

Here we will learn about the total 33 districts present in the Indian state of Rajasthan, which we have classified according to the list given below. In terms of area, Rajasthan seems to be leading in the country, whose large area is spread in the form of desert. Still, there is no shortage in the beauty of this state, we will look at some such districts, such as –

• Ajmer
•   Alwar
•   Barmer
• Banswara
•   Baran
•   Bikaner
•   Bhilwara
•   Bharatpur
•   Boondi
•   Chittorgarh
•   Churu
• Dausa
•   Dungarpur
•   Dholpur
• Hanumangarh
•   Jalore
•   Jaipur
• Jaisalmer
•   jhalwar
•   Jodhpur
• jhunjhunu
•   Karauli
•   quota
• Pratapgarh
•   Pali
•   Nagaur
•   Sawai madhopur
•   Rajsamand
• Sirohi
•   Sikar
•   Tonk
•   Shri Ganga Nagar
•   Udaipur

Culture and tradition of Rajasthan state –

Since ancient times, the Indian state of Rajasthan has got a cultural, historical and artistic heritage, in which the wonderful glorious history of the great kings here has established its own distinct identity on the country and the world. A wonderful confluence of Marwari, Sindhi, Rajput, Gujarati, Banjara lifestyle is seen in the state of Rajasthan, in which people of Gurjar and Banjara community have also been living here for many years.

In the state, you have a prominent domicile of people of Hindu, Muslim, Jain, Sikh, Christian etc., due to which the festivals related to all these religions are celebrated in the state throughout the year. Archaeological remains related to the ancient Indian Indus Civilization have also been found here at a place called Kalibangan, which clearly shows that a prosperous lifestyle was present in ancient Rajasthan.

Rajasthani language is most widely used in the state, apart from this Sindhi, Gujarati, Marwari, Urdu, English etc. languages are also used. The kings of Rana Sanga, Prithviraj Chauhan, Maharana Pratap, Gurjar, Pratihar dynasty have invaluable contribution in making the state of Rajasthan prosperous, basically Rajput, Gurjar, Marwari, Sindhi etc. people are associated with Rajasthan, strong proofs are obtained from historical documents Is.

People of Shaiva, Vaishnava, Shakta, Nath sect present in Hindu religion have been present under the state since time immemorial, apart from this famous saint of Muslim religion Moinuddin Chishti also had domicile in Rajasthan whose famous dargah named Ajmer Sharif is present in Ajmer city.

Rajasthani art is greatly appreciated in the country and the world, which includes woodwork, marble stone work, painting, sandwork, handicraft, etc. The state sees more influence of Banjara, Gurjar, Rajput civilizations and beliefs, In which, in the present lifestyle, you get to see the fascinating vision of the amalgamation of modernity and traditional Indian culture.

'Ghoomar' dance is the traditional dance form of the state, with this the state has been named Rajasthan after the name of the king's place, you can get a glimpse of it in the form of beautiful palaces, forts, gardens, ponds etc. present in the state. Is.

art culture of rajasthan :In the history of ancient and medieval India, you get to see inventions of various architecture and painting, out of which the construction of the beautiful Taj Mahal in Agra city is also related to the workmanship of Rajasthan.

The marble used in the construction of the Taj Mahal was brought in large quantities from Rajasthan, along with this the number of artisans here was also more in making this grand structure.

Rajasthan is the only state in India where artisans are present in almost all fields, including building construction, stone carving, painting, wood carving, iron industry materials, monument construction, cloth handicraft. and design covers construction, weaving, spinning, sand art, plaster and paris to interior design.

Historical forts, palaces, buildings, urban constructions, ponds, religious places, craft architectures present in the state, everywhere you see unmatched workmanship, because of this, the tourism of this state has increased in a big way for the past several decades. Where annually lakhs of people from country and abroad come to visit.

Dance and Music of Rajasthan –

As ancient as Indian civilization and culture is, we get to see as much diversity in different states within the country, and each state is preserving its own distinct and distinctive art culture. The music and dance of the state of Rajasthan is very attractive and attractive, on which more influence of civilization and beliefs of the native people is seen.

Along with classical music, there is more prevalence of Panihari, Banjara Geet, Bhajan Geet, Kirtan Sumiran Geet, Folk Geet, Thumri, Dadra, Kajri, Sufi Sangeet, Borgeet, Shyam Sangeet etc. in which the Bikaneri Gharana is famous. .

Classical music called Mehla is preferred in the royal palaces here since ancient times and it has been expanded on a large scale within the state, the music of Rajasthan is the most unique and pleasing to listen to, in which it is as if the peacock himself is dancing on this dance during the rainy season. Yes, there is a feeling of dancing of the mind.

Talking about the dance here, Ghoomar dance is the famous traditional dance form here, besides Kalbelia, Dandiya, Chari, Chang, Ger, Panihari, Gindad, Bamarsia, Teratali, Bhavai, Kutchi mare drum dance, Ghudla dance, puppet, Lur etc. The dance form also features prominently.

Food type of Rajasthan –

Like the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra, the food type of the Rajasthan state is also considered very tasty and delicious, in which you get to see a lot of dishes. You will usually find at least four to five dishes in Marra's food here, in which Rajasthani food is incomplete without buttermilk.

We are giving below the details of some such major vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes, after reading which probably your mouth will start watering. Dishes included in these are like –

• Gatte
•   Onion Pie
•   fondant
•   Mohan Maas
•   Chilli Bada
•   Mawa Shortbread
•   red meat
•   Mohan Thal
•   Dal Baati Churma
•   jaljeera
•   Kadhi
• Masala Buttermilk
• Ghevar
•   millet raab
•   Moong Dal Halwa
•   Kachri, tamarind, tomato, garlic mixture chutney
•   Malpua
• Millet Bread with Garlic Chutney
•   Balushahi
•   Churma Ladoo
•   Boondi Raita
•   Ker Sangri
• Mango Lungi
• almond pudding
•   Gujia
• Methi Bajra Puri
• Kalmi Vada
• Milk pull (rabdi-like dish)

Major costumes of the people of Rajasthan –

The costumes of the people of Rajasthan are very colorful, in which the traditional costumes of the women here are mainly of this type, which includes Ghagra, Choli, Odhani etc.

Apart from this, the trend of wearing saree is also commonly seen among the women here, along with beautiful clothes, various traditional ornaments are also worn by the women of Banjara community, including necklace, magic set, Aad, Ranihar, Kanbali, Nathani, Bajubandh, rakhri (demand hinge), tagdi (chain worn on the navel), anklets, bichuwa, bangles etc. are worn.

Talking about men's clothing, the trend of wearing dhoti and tunic or kurta and pajama is found prominently in it, apart from this wearing turban on the head is common here, meaning wearing turban in Rajasthani men is a sign of respect and tradition. There is a symbol.

The trend of wearing earrings in the ears of the men here is more, it is believed that this is the special identity of the men of this state. Nowadays, in this era of modernity, the trend of wearing shirt, T-shirt with plain pants and jeans pants is also prevalent in urban departments. Mostly happened.

Major rivers flowing under the state of Rajasthan –

As the largest state in the country, some major rivers flow in Rajasthan, which may have difference in length, but due to these there have been a lot of changes in agriculture, other business and physical activities in the state, and these rivers have played an important role in the development of the state. The contribution of has proved to be a mill stone. Here we will look at some such rivers, which include rivers such as –

• Sabarmati
• banas
• Looney
• Kali Sindh
•   Ghaggar
•   lover
•   Banganga
•   Jawai
• Chambal
•   Sukri
• closet
•   Kalsil
•   Western Banas
•   parbati
• Katli
•   captive
•   lady
•   Gomti
•   table
•   Khari
•   diet
•   Serious
•   speaker
•   Dravyavati
•   harness

Here we will introduce you to those well-known people who originally come from the state of Rajasthan, perhaps you must have read about them or seen them somewhere, but you would not know their birthplace. Through this information, you will come to know that who is the personality who is from Rajasthan, whose details are as follows, such as –

• famous singer jagjit singh
• saint poetess mirabai
•   Shooter Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore
•   famous late actor irfan khan
•   Maharana Pratap, the great king and protector of Mewar
•   Rani Jodhabai
•   queen padmavati
• Plate thrower Krishna Punia
•   classical music artist Vishwa Mohan Bhatt
•   Great Ruler Rana Sanga
•   Professional Jamanlal Bajaj
• steel industry businessman Lakshmi Mittal
•   Professional Motilal Oswal
•   Information Technology Specialist DP Sharma
•   famous singer ila arun
•   famous ghazal singer mehdi hassan
•   Filmmaker Tarachand Barjatya
•   Lyricist Hasrat Jaipuri
• film artist asrani
•   Actress Sakshi Tanwar
•   Raj Singh Dungarpur, former chairman of the Board of Control for Cricket in India
•   Indian freedom fighter Hanuman Prasad Poddar
•   Chanda Kochhar, former chairperson of ICICI Bank
• Former Indian Vice President Bhairav Singh Shekhawat
• Former cricketer Salim Durrani

Famous tourist places of Rajasthan state –
In terms of tourism in India, the state of Rajasthan is considered to be one of the main states, in whose sources of annual income, the profit from tourism is very high. The main reason for this is the beautiful architecture, buildings, palaces and natural beautiful places here, we are giving below the details of some such important places, in which the places included are as follows –

• 
  
• Hawa Mahal
• City Palace Jaipur
• Jal Mahal
• Fateh Sagar Lake
• Chittorgarh Fort
•   Amber Palace
• Mehrangarh Museum and Trust
• City Palace Udaipur
•   Pichola Lake
•   Jantar Mantar
•   Umaid Bhawan Palace
•   Kumbhalgarh Fort
•   Jaisalmer Fort
•   Nahargarh Fort
• Jaigarh Fort
•   Rambagh Palace
•   Jaswant Thada
• Sajjangarh Monsoon Palace
•   Ranthambore Fort
•   Albert Hall Museum
•   Junagarh Fort
•   Pushkar Lake
•   turn of friends
•   Gadisar Lake
•   Desert National Park
•   Anasagar Lake
•   Victory Pillar Chittorgarh
•   Guru Shikhar
•   Dhebar Lake
•   Achalgarh Fort
•   clock tower
•   Man Sagar Lake
•   mount abu
• Mandore Garden
• Bharatiya Lok Kala Mandal
• Khimsar Fort

Holy religious places present in the state of Rajasthan –

The way the state of Rajasthan is famous for tourist places, similarly some of the holy religious places here are crowded by devotees throughout the year, which have been developed as religious and tourist places.

In most of the religious places, you will find wonderful art style here, along with their spiritual specialty and beauty are equally important. The details of some such religious places are as follows –

• Karni Mata Temple
• Ajmer Sharif Dargah
• Dilwara Jain Temple
• Salasar Balaji Hanuman Temple
•   Brahma Temple – Pushkar
• Khatu Shyam Temple
•   Osian Mata Mandir
•   Shri Ranisati Dham Temple
• Laxman Temple
•   Savitri Mata Temple
•   Sahastrabahu Temple
• Tanot Mata Temple
•   Jagdish Temple
•   Rankapur Jain Temple
•   Galta ji
•   Shrinathji Temple
•   Birla Mandir
• Trinetra Ganesh Temple
•   Digambar Jain Temple
•   two and a half day hut
•   Seth Bhandsar Jain Temple
•   Bisal Dev Temple
•   Bohra Ganesh Ji Temple
•   Goddess of Carving Gomti Dham
• Jagat Shiromani Temple
•   Tarakeshwar Nath Temple

Major Festivals of Rajasthan –

The state of Rajasthan is very developed from the cultural, historical and traditional point of view, where various festivals are celebrated throughout the year. The lifestyle of the state seems to be very happy and many colors of happiness are scattered, in which the festivals here play an important role. Here we will look at some such major festivals like –

Pushkar Camel Festival (This festival is a special attraction of the state, where a camel fair is organized and camels are bought and sold through this)

•   Jaipur Literature Festival
• International Kite Flying Festival
• elephant fair
• bridge holly
• Urs Festival (This festival is celebrated in Ajmer Sharif, the Dargah of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti.)
•   Kolayat Mela (This festival is celebrated in the memory of Kapil Muni.)
•   Traditional festival of Rajasthan to be organized at international level
• Mewar Festival
•   fish festival
•   desert festival
•   Nagaur Cattle Fair
•   Baneshwar Festival (major festival of the tribes of the state)
•   Ramdevra Festival
• horse worship
•   gangaur festival
• Kabir Yatra Festival
•   Kota Adventure Festival
•   Bundi Festival
• mahashivratri
•   Teej
•   Kumbhalgarh Festival
•   Chandrabhaga Festival
• Diwali
• Gogaji
• Holi
• Sri Devnarayan Jayanti
• Janmashtami
• Historical places present in the state of Rajasthan –
• Ranthambore Fort
•   Musi Maharani's canopy
• Jaipur City Palace
•   Junagarh Fort
• Gagron Fort
•   Abhaneri Historical Site
•   Kalibangan
• Chand Baori Step Wall
•   Khetri Mahal
•   victory column
•   ancient museum
•   step well

Major Education Institute / University of Rajasthan State –

• NIMS University – Jaipur (NIMS University)
• University of Rajasthan
•   Jaipur National University
•   Banasthali University
•   Manipal University
• Rajasthan Technical University
•   National Law University
•   Vivekananda Global University
•   Singhania University
• Mohanlal Sukhadia University
• Purnima University
• Mewar University
•   Jyoti Vidyapeeth Women's University
•   Maharaja Ganga Singh University
• Jai Naren Vyas University
• Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati University
•   Mahatma Jyoti Rao Phule University
•   Central University of Rajasthan
•   Rajasthan University of Health Science
•   Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur (IIT Jodhpur)
• Tantia University
•   Vardhman Mahaveer Open Education University
• Swami Kesavanand Rajasthan Agricultural University
•   Sunrise University
•   Sridhar University – Pilani

information about JAMMU KASHMIR state

             The state of Jammu and Kashmir is one of the most beautiful and controversial state of India which remains in the news every day. Pakistan (POK) is located in the northern part of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, while China claims its axis on its axis. However, India considers these occupations illegal, due to which the state of Jammu and Kashmir always remains in the circle of controversies. It is said that if there is a heaven on earth then it is in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The state of Jammu and Kashmir is called heaven on earth because of its beauty and natural charm.

             Tourists visiting Jammu and Kashmir will find beautiful splendor, attractive snow-capped mountains, wild life, historical monuments, beautiful carvings and scenic temples here. At the same time, you can also be a part of trekking, river rafting, waterfalls and adventure activities.

              The history of the state of Jammu and Kashmir dates back to 2900 BC. The kingdom is believed to have been founded by King Jambulochan. Let us tell you that on 27 October 1947, Jammu and Kashmir was declared as the state of India. Taking a historic decision, the Modi government has removed Article-370 from Jammu and Kashmir and divided Jammu and Kashmir into two Union Territories (Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir) on 5 August 2019. The Legislative Assembly has been constituted in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir but there will be no Legislative Assembly in Ladakh. Before the year 1947, the history of Jammu and Kashmir was complicated. Jammu and Kashmir had to choose between the princely state of India or Pakistan.

Language of Jammu and Kashmir :The official language of the state is Urdu.

Capital of the state of Jammu and Kashmir : Jammu is the winter capital of the state of Kashmir and Srinagar is known as the summer capital.

Area of Jammu and Kashmir : The area of the state of Jammu and Kashmir including Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK) is 2,22,236 square kilometres. Whereas apart from PoK, there is 1,38,124 square kilometers.

What is the population of Jammu and Kashmir : According to the 2011 census, the population of the state of Jammu and Kashmir has been estimated at 1.25 crores. Explain that most of the people of the Muslim community reside in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. People of Hindu religion also live in Jammu and Kashmir.

Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh became new union territories  :After declaring Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh as Union Territories, India now has 9 Union Territories. The union territories of India are Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Chandigarh, Daman and Diu, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir.

festivals of jammu and kashmir : Jammu and Kashmir is a state where people of many religions reside and celebrate the festivals of their respective religions with great pomp. Let us tell you that diversity is found in the cultural traditions and festivals of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The most famous festivals here include Spituk Guster Zanskar which is a Tibetan festival and is celebrated on 30 and 31 October every year. Other major festivals of the state include Urs, Eid Ul Azha and Eid Ul Fitr, Baisakhi, Tulip Festival, Shikara Festival, Gurez Festival, Lohri, Sindhu Darshan Festival, Dosmoche, Matho Nagrang, Amarnath Yatra, Hemis Festival, Ladakh Festival and Galdan Namchot. etc. are included.

dance of jammu and kashmir : The state of Jammu and Kashmir has many famous folk dances which can be seen during special occasions like festivals, weddings, harvest and birthdays etc. Let us give you information about the famous folk dances of the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Dumhal Dance Jammu Kashmir : Dumhal Dance, which is one of the most famous dances of the state of Kashmir, highlights the culture of the state of Kashmir. The dancers performing the Dumhal dance wear colorful clothes and conical hats studded with pearls. Only the men of Watal can perform this dance and drums are played during the dance.

Rouf Dance : Rauf dance is performed on the occasion of Eid and Ramzan. Rauf dance is performed by women standing face to face which is a sight to see. The most special thing about Rauf dance is the footwork of women, which fascinates the most.

Bhand Pather : Bhand Pather is an exotic dance form of Kashmir. Let us tell you that Bhand Pather is not only dance, but during it you also get to see drama. The drama reflects the prevailing evils and traditions in normal life.

Bacha Nagma : Bacha Nagma, included in folk dances of the state of Kashmir, is performed on the occasion of cultural ceremonies or weddings etc. Please tell that Bacha Nagma dance is performed by boys.

Hafiza Dance : Hafiza dance is performed on the occasion of weddings in the state of Kashmir. Let us tell you that this is a traditional dance of Kashmir, in which a special instrument is used.

Bhand Jashan : 10-15 dancers dance in Bhand Jashn and this dance is performed in light music.

Bacha Nagma Dance :  Bacha Nagma dance is performed on the occasion of harvesting in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. This dance is performed by the boys of the state and one of these boys plays the role of the dancer.

food of jammu and kashmir : Kashmiri Pulao, Kashmiri Gravy, Momos, Mutton and Chicken are some of the famous food of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Tourists will get to taste both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food here. Let us tell you that Kashmiri people are very fond of sweets and here you will find different types of sweets to taste. You can also take a sip of Kashmiri tea along with it.

Major Attractions of Jammu and Kashmir State

• Vaishno Devi Dham
• Pilgrimage to Amarnaath
• Pir Panjal
• Ladakh
• Karakoram mountain range
• Gulmarg
• Shalimar Bagh
• Anantnag
• Pulwama
• Kashmir Valley
• Dal Lake
• Khardung La Pass    

What to do on a trip to Jammu and Kashmir

• skiing
• paragliding
• Golf
• River rafting
• trekkingcamping
• adventure sports

Best time to visit Jammu Kashmir : You can go any time of the year to visit the state of Jammu and Kashmir. However, the time between October to March is considered best for tourism. 4 to 15 days is considered ideal for visiting Jammu and Kashmir.

Information of Darjeeling railway & other attraction

 Darjeeling is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. The town is the headquarters of the Darjeeling district. This city is situated in the Shivalik range in the lesser Himalayas. The average altitude here is 2,134 meters (6,982 ft).

The word Darjeeling is derived from two Tibetan words, Dorje (thunderbolt) and Ling (place). It means "the place of millets."[1] During the British Raj in India, Darjeeling was made a hill station due to its temperate climate. The British residents used to come here during the summer season to get rid of the heat.

Darjeeling is internationally famous for its Darjeeling tea. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway of Darjeeling is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a famous site. The cultivation of tea here started from 1856. The tea growers here have created a blend of black tea and fermenting techniques that are among the best in the world. [2] The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, which connects Darjeeling town to the Samthar site, was declared a World Heritage Site in 1999. . This steam operated device is rarely seen in India.

Darjeeling also has British-style private schools, which attract many students from India and Nepal. In the 1980s, the demand for the statehood of Gorkhaland started from this city and its nearby city of Kalimpong. Now this demand of the state has reduced somewhat as a result of the formation of an autonomous hill council. In recent times, the environment here is deteriorating due to more tourists and haphazard urbanization.

Introduction

This place was discovered during the Anglo-Nepal war when a British troop was looking for a short cut to reach Sikkim. Due to the easy access to Sikkim through this route, this place was strategically important for the British. Apart from this, this place was also very prosperous naturally. The cold climate and snowfall here was in favor of the British. For this reason, the British people started settling here slowly.

Initially Darjeeling was a part of Sikkim. Later Bhutan captured it. But after some time Sikkim recaptured it. But again in the 18th century, it was lost to Nepal. But even Nepal could not retain its authority for a long time. After the defeat in Anglo-Nepal in 1817 AD, Nepal had to hand it over to the East India Company.

Due to its strategic importance and the political situation at that time, Darjeeling turned into a battleground in the 1840s and 50s. At that time this place had become a venue for the demonstration of power of various countries. First the people of Tibet came here. After that the Europeans came. After this Russian people settled here. The Amir of Afghanistan chased them all away from here. This political instability ended only when the Amir of Afghanistan was defeated in a war with the British. Since then it was occupied by the British. Later it also became the workplace of the Japanese, the Kuomintang and the Indian National Army of Subhash Chandra Bose. After independence, Buddhist monks who fled from Lhasa settled here.

Presently Darjeeling is a part of West Bengal. The city is spread over an area of 3149 square kilometers. This city is triangular. Its northern part is adjacent to Nepal and Sikkim. Here autumn which is from October to March. It is very cold here during this season. The summer season here lasts from April to June. The weather at this time is mildly cool. It rains here from June to September. Most of the tourists come here in summer only.

Highlights

This city is situated on the top of the mountain. There is a network of roads here. These roads are connected to each other. While roaming these streets, you will come across many buildings built during the colonial period. These buildings look quite attractive even today. The old windows in these buildings and the chimneys made to extract the smoke are reminiscent of the old times. You can also find cemeteries, old school buildings and churches here. Along with the buildings of the old times, you will also see the concrete buildings of the present day here. The combination of old and new buildings gives this city a special beauty.

Sakya Monastery : This monastery is situated at a distance of eight kilometers from Darjeeling. Sakya Math is a very historical and important monastery of the Sakya sect. This Math was established in 1915 AD. It also has a prayer hall. 60 Buddhist monks can pray together in this prayer hall.

Drug-thubtan-sangg-chosling-monastery : The 11th Gyulwang Drugchen Tanzin Khyen-Rab Gelegs Wangpo died in 1960. In his memory, this Math was established in 1971 AD. The construction of this monastery was done in Tibetan style. Later this Math was re-established in 1993 AD. It was unveiled by the Dalai Lama.

Macadog Monastery : This monastery is situated at a distance of three kilometers from Chowrasta in Alubari village. This monastery belongs to the Yolmova sect of Buddhism. This monastery was established by Sri Sangay Lama. Sange Lama was the head of the Yolmova sect. It is a small community that earlier lived in the northeastern part of Nepal. But later the people of this community came and settled in Darjeeling. The construction work of this monastery was completed in 1914 AD. In this monastery, every effort has been made to depict the social, cultural and religious identity of the people of Yolmova sect.

Japanese Temple (Peace Pagoda) : This stupa was established by Fuji Guru who was a friend of Mahatma Gandhi to bring peace to the world. There are a total of six Shanti Stupas in India. Nippon Myoji Buddhist Temple which is in Darjeeling is also one of them. The construction work of this temple started in 1972 AD. This temple was opened for the common people on 1 November 1992 AD. From this temple, there is a beautiful view of the entire Darjeeling and Kangchenjunga range.

Tiger Hill : The main joy of Tiger Hill is in climbing it. You will find tourists climbing it every morning. Kangchenjunga peak is near this. From 1838 to 1849 AD, it was considered the highest peak in the world. But from the survey conducted in 1856, it became clear that not Kangchenjunga but Sagarmatha of Nepal, which was named Everest by the British, is the highest peak in the world. If you are lucky, you can see both Kangjanjunga and Everest peaks from Tiger Hill. There is a difference of only 827 feet in the height of these two peaks. Presently Kangchenjunga is the third highest peak in the world. Kangchenjunga has been awarded the title of the most romantic mountain. Due to its beauty, tourists have awarded it this title. Many poems have been written on the beauty of this peak. Apart from this, this peak has been shown many times in Satyajit Ray's films.Free to watch only, the fee for climbing the tower is Rs.10. The fee for sitting on the tower is Rs.30. You can even go by jeep. The fare from Darjeeling to here and back is Rs.65 to 70. is between

Ghum Monastery (Gelugus) :Near Tiger Hill is the Ega Choeling Tibetan Monastery. This monastery belongs to the Gelugs sect. This Math is also known as Ghoom Math. According to historians, this monastery was not established for religious purposes but for political meetings.This monastery was established in 1850 AD by a Mongolian monk, Lama Sherpa Yaltsu. Yaltsu came to India around 1820 AD to fulfill his religious desires. A 15 feet high statue of Buddha was installed in this monastery in 1918 AD. At that time, 25000 rupees were spent on making this idol. The cost was incurred. This idol is made of a precious stone and gold plated on it. There is also a collection of valuable texts in this monastery. These texts are translated from Sanskrit to Tibetan language. Kalidasa's Meghdoot is also included in these texts. There is another Gelugpa monastery established by Samten Choling near Hill Cart Road. Timings: Open on all days. Photography is allowed outside the monastery.

This is the oldest monastery in Darjeeling. It was originally built by Lama Dorje Ringje in 1765 AD on Observatory Hill. This monastery was looted by the Nepalese in 1815 AD. After this, this monastery was re-established in 1861 AD near St. Andrew's Church. It was finally established in 1879 AD in Bhutia Basti, near its present location Chaurasta. This monastery is built in Tibetan-Nepali style. Precious ancient Buddhist material is also kept in this monastery.

The Makhala temple here is very attractive. This temple is established at the same place where the Bhutia-Basti-Math was initially built. This temple must also be visited. Timings: Open on all days. Photography is allowed only outside the monastery.

Tenzing's Legacy : The Himalayan Mountaineering Institute was established in 1954 AD. It may be noted that the Himalayas were conquered for the first time in 1953 AD. Tenzing was the director of this institute for many years. There is also a mountaineering museum here. In this museum, objects related to many historical expeditions made to climb the Himalayas have been kept. One of the galleries of this museum is known as Everest Museum. Everest related items have been kept in this gallery. Mountaineering training is also given in this institute.

Entry Fee: Rs 25 (Includes entrance fee to Biological Park) Tel: 0354-2270158 Timings: 10 AM to 4:30 PM (Half an hour off in between). Thursday closed.organic garden

The Padmaja-Naidu-Himalayan Biological Park is situated on the right side of the Mountaineering Institute. The park is famous for its breeding program for snow leopard and red panda. You can also spot Siberian tigers and Tibetan wolves here.

The Lords Botanical Garden is in the old market below the main bus stop. This garden is named after Mr.W. Named after Leonard. Leonard was a famous banker here who donated the land for this garden in 1878 AD. The garden has a valuable collection of 50 species of orchids. Timings: 6 AM to 5 PM.

The Natural History Museum is located near this botanical garden. This museum was established in 1903 AD. Here different varieties of birds, reptiles, animals and insects have been kept in a state of conservation.

Timings: 10 AM to 4:30 PM. Thursday closed.

Tibetan Refugee Camp : The Tibetan Refugee Self Help Center (tel: 0354-2252552) is located 45 minutes walk from Chowrasta. This camp was established in 1959 AD. A year before this, in 1958, the Dalai Lama had sought refuge in India. It was in this camp that the 13th Dalai Lama (currently the 14th Dalai Lama) spent his time in exile from 1910 to 1912. The building where the 13th Dalai Lama lived is in ruins today.

Today this refugee camp is home to 650 Tibetan families. These Tibetan people sell different types of goods here. These items include carpets, woolen clothes, wooden artefacts, toys made of metal. But if you want to fully enjoy visiting this refugee camp, then definitely visit the workshop to make these things. This workshop remains open for tourists.

organic garden : The Padmaja-Naidu-Himalayan Biological Park is situated on the right side of the Mountaineering Institute. The park is famous for its breeding program for snow leopard and red panda. You can also spot Siberian tigers and Tibetan wolves here.

toy train : This unique train was built in the second half of the 19th century. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway is a wonderful piece of engineering. This railroad is 70 kilometers long. This entire railway section is situated at an altitude of 7546 feet above sea level. Engineers had to work hard in the construction of this section. This section passes through many zigzag routes and circular routes. But the most beautiful part of this section is Batashia loop. At this place the railway section becomes in the shape of eight points.

If you do not want to travel the entire Darjeeling by train, then you can take this train from Darjeeling station to Ghoom Math. While traveling by this train, you can enjoy the natural views around it. To travel on this train either go very early in the morning or late in the evening. At other times it is very crowded.

tea garden : Darjeeling was once famous for spices. Darjeeling is known globally for tea only. Dr. Campbell, the first inspector appointed by the East India Company in Darjeeling, first planted tea seeds in his garden around the 1830s or 40s. Christian missionaries, the Barenas brothers, planted medium-sized tea plants in the 1880s. The Baren brothers did a lot of work in this direction. The tea garden planted by the Baren Bandhs is currently known as the Bainukkavarna Tea Garden (tel: 0354-2276712).

The first seed of tea which was of Chinese bush was brought from Kumaon Hill. But with time it became famous as Darjeeling tea. In 1886, T.T. Copper estimated that 600,000 lb of Chinese tea was consumed annually in Tibet. It was mainly produced in Sejhwan province. Copper was of the view that if Tibetans used Indian tea instead of Chinese tea, India would get a very valuable market. Everyone knows the history after this.

Due to the local soil and the Himalayan air, the quality of Darjeeling tea is excellent. At present there are about 87 tea gardens in and around Darjeeling. About 50,000 people have got work in these gardens. Each tea garden has its own history. Similarly, the variety of tea in each tea garden is different. But these teas are collectively known as 'Darjeeling tea'. The best time to visit these gardens is during the summer when the tea leaves are plucked. The Happy-Valley-Tea Garden (Tel: 2252405) which is 3 km from the town is easily accessible. Here you can see laborers plucking tea leaves. You can also watch the fresh leaves being converted into tea. But to visit the tea garden, it is necessary to give prior information to the managers of these gardens.

Season

The temperate climate of Darjeeling consists of 6 seasons: spring, summer, autumn or winter, monsoon. and (Shishir Ritu - Hemant Ritu)

Information of Gwalior Fort

Gwalior Fort is located near Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh, central India. The fort is divided into two parts with a fortified structure. One part is Gujari Mahal and the other is Man Mandir. It was built by Raja Man Singh Tomar in the 8th century.

Many kings have controlled this fort at different times in history. Gujari Mahal was built for Queen Mrignayani. It is now known as a historical museum. The oldest documents related to "zero" were found in a temple on the way to the top of this fort. It was almost 1500 years old.

History of Gwalior Fort 

There is no solid evidence of the time it took to build the Gwalior Fort. But according to the local residents, it was built by Raja Suraj Sen in the 8th century. He got it built in the name of a monk named Gwalipa as a thank you. It is said that the sage got rid of leprosy by turning the holy water of a pond yellow.

The sage had blessed him with the title of "Pal". This fort would remain under the control of his family as long as he kept this title with his name. Suraj Sen Pal's 83 successors had control of this fort but lost this fort to the 84th descendant.

According to historical documents and evidences, this fort definitely existed in the 10th century, but there is no evidence of its existence before that.

But the carvings and structures made in the premises of the fort indicate its existence in the 6th century as well; The reason for this is that some documents found in the Gwalior Fort mention the construction of the Sun Temple by King Mihirakula of the Huna dynasty. Gurjara-Pratiharasin had built the "Teli Ka Mandir" inside the fort in the 9th century.

Diwan Kachhapaght of the Chandela dynasty had control of this fort in the 10th century. Muslim kings attacked the fort from the 11th century onwards. Mahmud Ghazni captured the fort for 4 days and returned the fort in exchange for 35 elephants, it is mentioned in Tabaqti Akbari.

The Ghurid vizier Qutb al-Din Aibak, who later became the king of the Delhi Sultanate, conquered the fort after a long battle. After that Delhi again lost this fort but in 1232 Iltumish captured it again.

In 1398 the fort came under the control of the Tomar Rajput dynasty. Tomar Raja Man Singh made beautiful constructions inside the fort in the fort. Sultan Sikandar Lodhi of Delhi attacked the fort in 1505 with the intention of capturing it but he did not succeed.

In 1516 Sikandar Lodhi's son Ibrahim Lodhi attacked again, in this battle Man Singh Tomar lost his life and the Tomar dynasty surrendered after a year's struggle.

After 10 years, the Mughal emperor Babur captured this fort from the Delhi Sultanate, but in 1542, the Mughals had to lose the Gwalior fort to Sher Shah Suri. In 1558, Babur's grandson Akbar recaptured the fort. Akbar converted this fort into a prison for his political prisoners.

Akbar's cousin Kamran was kept as a prisoner here and then he was sentenced to death. Aurangzeb's brother Murad and nephew Soleiman and Safar Shiko were also sentenced to death in this fort. All these murders were done in the Man Mandir palace.

After the death of Aurangzeb, the control of this fort passed to the Ranas of Gohad. The Maratha king Mahadji Shinde (Scindia) captured the fort by defeating the Gohad king Rana Chhatar Singh, but soon lost it to the East India Company.

On 3 August 1780, the British captured the Gwalior fort by a midnight guerrilla war under the leadership of Captain Popham and Bruce. In 1780, Governor Warren Hastings restored the rights of the fort to Gohad Rana. After 4 years the Marathas again captured the fort.

This time the British did not interfere because they were cheated by Gohar Rana. Daulat Rao Scindia again lost this fort in the second Maratha-English war.

Between 1808 and 1844, the control of this fort kept coming in the hands of the Marathas and sometimes in the hands of the British. After the war of Maharajpur, in January 1844, the British gave this fort to the Maratha Scindia dynasty by appointing them as their Diwan.

During the Revolt of 1857, about 7000 soldiers stationed in Gwalior rebelled against the Company Raj. Even at this time, the vassal king Jiyaji Scindia maintained his loyalty towards the British. In 1858, the British recaptured this fort. The British gave some princely states to Jiyaji but kept the possession of the fort with themselves.

In 1886, the British took control of the whole of India and this fort had no special importance for them, so they gave it to the Scindia family. The Scindia family ruled the fort till India's independence (1947) and built many buildings, including the Jai Vilas Mahal.

The fort was kept in good care and many constructions were done in it like palaces, temples, water tanks etc. It has many palaces like Man Mandir, Gujari Jahangir, Shah Jahan. This fort is in an area of 3 kilometers and is 35 feet high. Its walls have been made from the sides of the mountain and it has been connected with 6 towers.

It has two doors, one in the north-east and the other in the south-west. The name of the main gate is Hathi Pul and the name of the second gate is Badalgarh gate. Manmandir Palace is located in the north-west, it was built in the 15th century and was renovated in 1648.

And that is why there has been a lot of discussion about this Gwalior fort in history. This is a priceless treasure given to us by history, whose importance is as much today as it was in the past.

Vaishnodevi Temple - Jammu Kashmir

 Vaishno Devi Temple is a pilgrimage site (temple) located on the hill of Vaishno Devi in Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is one of the holiest Hindu temples dedicated to Shakti. In Hinduism, Vaishno Devi, also known as Mata Rani and Vaishnavi, is an incarnation of the Mother Goddess. The journey to reach this temple situated in the beautiful plains is very difficult, but it is said that on a call from the 'mother of mountains', her devotees make this journey successful with the power of faith and belief. Lakhs of pilgrims visit the temple every year and it is the second most visited religious pilgrimage site in India after the Tirumala Venkateswara Temple.

Vaishno Devi Temple is located near Katra town in Jammu district of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. It is one of the most revered holy sites in northern India. The temple is situated at an altitude of 5,200 ft and at a distance of about 12 kilometers (7.45 mi) from Katra. The hill on which this temple is built is known as Vaishno Devi hill. The temple is maintained by Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Tirtha Mandal. It is said that on one call of the mother, her devotees come running to visit the mother. Mother has unbreakable love with the devotees, that's why devotees definitely go to visit the Vaishno Mata temple situated in the lap of the mountains after working hard.

There is special recognition of the darshan of Maa Vaishno Devi during Navratras. For these nine days, whether in the country or abroad, lakhs of people come to visit Maa Vaishno Devi. By the way, it is also said that Goddess Vaishno Devi of the mountains fulfills everyone's wishes. Whoever goes to his court with a true heart, his every wish is fulfilled. Such is the true court of Mata Vaishno Devi. Devotees of Mata believe that when Mata calls, the devotee reaches her court with some pretext or the other. The one who goes without being invited, no matter how much he wants, he cannot see the mother.

In practical terms, Mata Vaishno Devi is the collective form of knowledge, glory and strength, because there are three forms of Adishakti – first Mahasaraswati, who is the goddess of knowledge, second Mahalakshmi, the goddess of wealth and third Mahakali or Durga, who is the power. Format is considered. To become superior and successful on the ground of life and to touch the heights, education, money and strength are necessary, which is possible only through hard work and hard work.

This journey of Mother also gives inspiration and strength to face difficulties and struggles in the journey of life and achieve your goal with full confidence. This famous court of Mother Vaishno Devi is considered to be one of the 51 Shaktipeeths, along with being a major pilgrimage center for Hindus, where lakhs of devotees come from far and wide to visit the mother.

It is one of the most revered holy sites in northern India. Mahalakshmi, Mahakali and Mahasaraswati are established in Pindi form in the cave of Maa Vaishno Devi, geologists also tell this cave to be several billion years old. This cave of Mata is at a distance of 61 km from North Jammu in Trikuta mountain. During this holy journey of Vaishno Devi, devotees also avail the darshan of pilgrimages like Devamai, Baan Ganga, Charan Paduka, Garbh Jun Gufa, Bhairav Temple etc. The temple is situated at an altitude of about 6500 km above sea level.

Many stories are prevalent about Mata Vaishno Devi. According to a famous ancient belief, once the mother of mountains, being pleased with the devotion of one of her supreme devotees, saved his shame and gave proof of her existence to the whole creation. 2 km from present Katra town. Sridhar, the supreme devotee of Maa Vaishnavi, lived in Hansali village situated at a distance of He was sad because of being childless. One day he called unmarried girls for Navratri worship. Maa Vaishno sat among them in the form of a girl. After the worship, all the girls left but Maa Vaishno Devi remained there and said to Sridhar- 'Invite everyone to come to your home for Bhandara.' Sridhar obeyed that divine girl and the message of Bhandara reached the nearby villages. Gave. While returning from there, along with Guru Gorakhnath and his disciple Baba Bhairavnath ji, his other disciples were also invited for food. After getting the invitation for food, all the villagers were surprised that who is that girl who wants to feed so many people? After this, many villagers came and gathered at Shridhar's house for food. Then Mother Vaishno Devi in the form of a girl started serving food to everyone from a strange vessel.

While serving food, the girl went to Bhairavnath. Then he said that instead of kheer-puri, I would eat meat and drink alcohol. Then the mother in the form of a girl explained to him that this is the food at Brahmin's place, non-vegetarian is not eaten in it. But Bhairavnath deliberately stuck to his point. When Bhairavnath wanted to catch that girl, then the mother came to know about his hypocrisy. Mother changed into the form of air and flew towards Trikuta mountain. Bhairavnath also followed him. It is believed that Pawanputra Hanuman was also there to protect the mother. According to belief, at that time also Hanumanji was with him to protect the mother. When Hanumanji felt thirsty, on his request, the mother took out a water stream by shooting an arrow from the bow on the mountain and washed her hair in that water. Today this holy stream is known as Banganga, by drinking or bathing in its holy water, all the tiredness and troubles of the devotees go away.

During this, the mother entered a cave and did penance for nine months. Bhairavnath also followed him till there. Then a monk said to Bhairavnath that the one whom you are considering as a girl is Adishakti Jagdamba. That's why stop chasing that superpower. Bhairavnath did not listen to the monk. Then the mother made a way out from the other side of the cave. This cave is still famous by the name of Ardhakumari or Adikumari or Garbhjoon. There is also the foot paduka of the mother before Ardhquari. This is the place where mother turned back to see Bhairavnath while running away. After coming out of the cave, the girl assumed the form of a goddess. Mata warned Bhairavnath and asked him to return. Still he did not agree. Mother went inside the cave. Then Hanumanji fought with Bhairav outside the cave to protect the mother.

Bhairav still did not give up when the brave Hanuman started getting tired, then Mata Vaishnavi took the form of Mahakali and killed Bhairavnath. Bhairavnath's head was cut off and fell in the Bhairav valley of Trikuta mountain, 8 km away from the building. That place is known as the temple of Bhaironath. The place where Maa Vaishno Devi killed Hathi Bhairavnath is famous as 'Holy Cave' or 'Bhavan'. At this place Maa Kali (right), Maa Saraswati (middle) and Maa Lakshmi (left) are enshrined in the cave in the form of pindis. The combined form of these three is called the form of Maa Vaishno Devi. Along with these three grand Pindis, there are idols and instruments installed by some devoted devotees and former kings of Jammu and Kashmir. It is said that after his slaughter, Bhairavnath repented of his mistake and begged for forgiveness from the mother.

Mata Vaishno Devi knew that Bhairav`s main intention behind attacking her was to attain salvation, she not only freed Bhairav from the cycle of rebirth but also gave him a boon saying that my darshan would not be considered complete till then , until a devotee will visit you after me. According to the same belief, even today, after visiting Mata Vaishno Devi, devotees climb a steep climb of 8 kilometers to visit Bhairavnath. Meanwhile Vaishno Devi assumed the shape of a rock with three pindas (heads) and became eternally meditative. Meanwhile Pandit Sridhar became impatient. They proceeded towards the Trikuta mountain in the same way that they had seen in the dream, finally they reached the entrance of the cave, they made it their routine to worship the 'Pindas' in various ways, the goddess was pleased with their worship, they appeared before them. appeared and blessed them. Since then, Shridhar and his descendants have been worshiping Goddess Maa Vaishno Devi.

How to Reach Vaishno Devi Temple 

Jammu is the first stop for the devotees who want to visit Maa Vaishno Devi. You can reach Jammu by bus, taxi, train or flight. Jammu is connected by broad gauge line. The number of pilgrims visiting Vaishno Devi increases in summer, so every year special trains are run by the Railways from Delhi to Jammu for the convenience of the pilgrims. Jammu is connected by National Highway 1A of India. So if you want to reach Jammu by bus or taxi also then you will have no problem. You can easily get direct buses and taxis from many major cities of North India to Jammu. The starting base camp for the journey to Maa Ke Bhawan is Katra, a village in Jammu district. The distance from Jammu to Katra is about 50 km. Bus and taxi services ply between Katra and Jammu. Katra is situated at an altitude of 2500 feet above sea level. You can easily reach Katra by bus or taxi. Several buses are also available from Jammu Railway Station to Katra, by which you can reach Katra in about 2 hours. If you want to reach Katra by taxi, then you can travel by taxi to Katra by spending 500 to 1000 rupees, which will reach you to Katra in about 1 hour.

Maa Vaishno Devi Yatra starts from Katra. Most travelers start their journey by resting here. The distance from Katra to Ardhkumari Temple and the main temple of Maa is approximately 8 and 12 kilometers respectively. The distance of Bhairavnath from the holy cave of Maa is about 8 kms. Pilgrims keep on climbing throughout the night to have a darshan of the mother. Free 'travel slip' is available for darshan of Mata from Katra itself. Only after taking this slip, you can start the climb from Katra to the court of Maa Vaishno. Three hours after taking this slip, you have to make an entry at 'Baan Ganga Check Point' before the start of climbing and you can start climbing only after checking the luggage there. If you do not make an entry at the check post within three hours after taking the Yatra Slip, your Yatra Slip may be cancelled. So always keep in mind that take the travel slip at the time of starting the journey. For those who are not able to make the strenuous climb, there are palanquins, and horse-drawn facilities from Ban Ganga. Now even the battery operated auto is being run by the temple administration from the semi-virgin temple to the main gate of Mata. In which five-six passengers can travel comfortably at a time.

Some devotees climb on foot to visit Mata's cave and some hire palanquins, horses or pittu to make this difficult climb easier. To carry small children for the climb, you can book local people on hire, who will take your children on the back for a fixed fee. The fare for a palanquin, pittu or horse for a person to climb from Katra to Bhawan (holy cave of Maa Vaishno Devi) ranges from 250 to 350 rupees. Apart from this, you will have to pay extra charges for seating small children or overweight person. During the climb, there is arrangement for refreshments and food at various places along the way. By paying which you can avail this facility. Travelers wishing to visit Maa in less time can also take advantage of helicopter facility. By spending around Rs 2200 to Rs 3500, visitors can reach Sanjichhat from Katra by helicopter (situated at a distance of few km from Bhairavnath Temple). Free 'cloak room' facility is also available for keeping your luggage at some places during the climb up to Katra and main building.

Vaishno Devi Safety Tips

• Although devotees visit Maa Vaishno Devi throughout the year, but the best season to visit here is summer.
• The minimum temperature of the building in winter goes down to -3 to -4 degree and there is a danger of rock slide due to this season. So avoid traveling in this season.
• Blood pressure patients should not use stairs for climbing.
• Due to the building being situated at a height, you may have problems related to vomiting and nausea while climbing up here, to avoid which keep necessary medicines with you.
• As far as possible, take the least amount of luggage with you during the ascent so that you do not face any problem during the ascent.
• The stick will prove to be very helpful for you in climbing on foot.
• Trekking shoes will be very comfortable for you in climbing.
• Mother's praise will solve all the difficulties in your path.